school简单

But when Swetnam enrolled in graduate school at the University of Arizona’s Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, he was surprised to find a record of repeated blazes dating back hundreds of years before European colonists arrived on the continent.

但当斯韦特纳姆进入亚利桑那大学树木年轮研究实验室读研究生时，他惊讶地发现了一份反复发生火灾的记录，这些记录可以追溯到欧洲殖民者抵达这片大陆之前的数百年。

This concept has served as a central goal for curriculum developers, local school boards, business and community leaders, and policymakers ever since its introduction nearly 80 years ago.

自近80年前提出以来，这一概念一直是课程开发者、地方学校董事会、商界和社区领袖以及政策制定者的核心目标。

(48) Educators advanced the idea of having students complete detailed laboratory exercises in high schools in the belief that such work was beneficial primarily as a way to enhance logical reasoning and observational skills.

(48) 教育工作者提出让学生在中学完成详细的实验室练习，他们认为这种做法的益处主要在于它是提高逻辑推理和观察能力的一种方式。

Although these efforts were aimed at the nonscience-bound student, they never really made their way into mainstream thought and public discourse as a means to rally widespread support for the importance of science teaching in schools.

尽管这些努力针对的是不打算从事科学的学生，但它们从未真正进入主流思想和公共话语，成为凝聚广泛支持、让人们认识到学校科学教学重要性的手段。

The grammar school boy from Stratford-upon-Avon has landed a scholarly punch after groundbreaking research showed that Shakespeare does benefit children’s literacy and emotional development.

这位来自埃文河畔斯特拉特福的文法学校男孩在学术上打出了漂亮的一拳：一项开创性研究表明，莎士比亚确实有益于儿童的读写能力和情感发展。

The randomised control trial involved hundreds of year 5 pupils — aged nine and ten — at 45 state primary schools that had not been “previously exposed to RSC pedagogy.”

这项随机对照试验涉及45所公立小学的数百名五年级学生（九到十岁），这些学校此前“未接触过RSC的教学法”。

In 2007, Indonesia started phasing in a program that gives money to its poorest residents under certain conditions, such as requiring people to keep kids in school or get regular medical care.

2007年，印度尼西亚开始逐步推行一项计划，在一定条件下向最贫困的居民发放资金，比如要求人们让孩子继续上学或定期接受医疗护理。

schooling

学校教育

Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England’s southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British Navy Pay Office — a respectable position, but with little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper, possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dickens’s mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dickens’s birth, his mother’s father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family’s increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren’s Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as “the young gentleman.” His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father’s imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens’s greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.

狄更斯出生于英格兰南部海岸的朴次茅斯。他的父亲是英国海军军饷处的一名职员——一个体面的职位，但社会地位不高。他的祖父母分别是管家和女管家，因为当过仆人，地位更低，狄更斯后来隐瞒了他们的出身。据说狄更斯的母亲出身于一个更体面的家庭。然而在狄更斯出生前两年，他的外祖父因偷窃被抓，逃往欧洲大陆，再也没有回来。家境日益贫困，迫使狄更斯在12岁时辍学，到沃伦鞋油作坊——一家鞋油厂——做工，在那里其他做工的男孩嘲笑他是“小绅士”。后来他的父亲因负债入狱。父亲入狱的屈辱和他在鞋油厂做工的经历成了狄更斯最大的创伤，也成了他最深的秘密。他甚至无法向妻子吐露这些事，尽管它们构成了他小说中未被承认的基础。

And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn’t feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic.

而且在上了12年学之后，花一年时间做与学业无关的事情会让人感觉不自然。

District administrators say that homework will still be a part of schooling; teachers are allowed to assign as much of it as they want.

学区管理者说，家庭作业仍将是学校教育的一部分；老师想布置多少就可以布置多少。

it counts much in schooling.

作业在学校教育中是否重要。