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n. 有文化，有教养，有读写能力13 次
Science education today revolves around the idea of scientific literacy — the base-level knowledge about science that nonscientists require to effectively get on in the world.
当今的科学教育围绕着“科学素养”这一理念展开——即非科学工作者在世界上有效立足所需的基础科学知识。
(46) Tracing the history of the term, we can see how the definition of scientific literacy has shifted over time, muddying the waters when it comes to determining the goals of science education.
(46) 追溯这一术语的历史，我们可以看到科学素养的定义是如何随着时间推移而变化的，这使得确定科学教育的目标变得更加混乱。
And that’s a shame, because there is much to recommend in the idea of scientific literacy as it was originally articulated in 1945, a time when science appeared to be the key to progress and scientists seemingly held the fate of the world in their hands.
这很遗憾，因为1945年最初阐述的科学素养理念有许多可取之处，在那个时代，科学似乎是进步的关键，科学家似乎掌握着世界的命运。
(47) A return to that version of scientific literacy, which focused more on teaching what science is and how it works and less on memorizing scientific facts, seems like something society today desperately needs.
(47) 回归那种版本的科学素养——更注重教授科学是什么以及科学如何运作，而较少注重记忆科学事实——似乎正是当今社会迫切需要的。
(49) It wasn’t until the phrase “scientific literacy” came along in the 1940s that science had the formidable slogan it needed to command public attention and make improving science education an important national goal.
(49) 直到20世纪40年代“科学素养”一词出现，科学才拥有了它所需要的强有力的口号，以引起公众的关注，并使改进科学教育成为一项重要的国家目标。
(50) The intense focus on scientific literacy in the United States originally grew out of the critical role of science and technology during World War II, as well as the perceived deficiencies of American soldiers.
(50) 美国对科学素养的高度关注最初源于科学技术在第二次世界大战期间的关键作用，以及人们所察觉到的美国士兵的不足。